Detachable hat sweat and lining



`(No Model.)

I'. W. LEWIS. NG DETAGHABLE HAT SWEAT AND LINI Patented Sept. 17, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK XV. LEVIS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

DETACHABLE HAT SWEAT AND LINING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,155, dated September 17, 1889. Application filed .Tuly 17, 1889. Serial No. 317,784. (No model.)

To MZ whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, FRANK W. LEWIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Hat Sweats and Linings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,

My invention has for its object the production of a combined hat sweat and lining which may be readily attached in place by any person, and as readily removed, if required, there by doing away with the trimming of hats as a step in the process of manufacturing, and enabling the retailer at the time of making a sale to trim a hat in a moments time to suit the customer, and also enabling` a-person to trim ahat at any time t-o suit himself. Vith these ends in view I have devised the novel combined sweat and lining, of which the following description, in connection with the accom panying drawings, is a specification, numbers being used to denote the several parts.

Figure 1 is a section of a hat with a combined sweat and lining therein, illustrating one mode in which I have carried my invention into effect; and Figs. 2 and 8 are views of combined sweats and liningsdetached, illustrating changes in the details of construction by which the invention is carried out, a portion of t-he lining being broken away in each instance.

The essential features of my invention are a sweat-leather, denoted by 1; a lining, denoted by 2, and a fram e, denoted by 3, to which the lining and sweat-leather are attached and by which they are connected together.

It should be noted that the sweat-leather which I use is simply a leather, and not the ordinary hat-sweat of commerce, which consists, besides the sweat-leather, of a reed, an attaching-Strip, die., the several parts being stitched or otherwise secured together.

In using my present invention I dispense entirely with the attaching-strip, reed, and stitching. The lining may be of any suitable material and made in the ordinary or any preferred manner, the material being ordinarily satin, and the side lining or lining proper being stitched or otherwise secured to the tip, which I have denoted by il.

The special manner in which the frame is constructed, or the material thereof, is not of the essence of my invention, it simply being required that the frame shall be as light as possible, giving at the same time sufficient stability to the combined sweat-leather and lining to hold the parts securely in place in use, it being understood of course that a slight amount of stiffness without rigidity is all that is required.

In Fig. 1 the frame consists of bands, denoted by Sn at top and bottom, which may be made of metal, celluloid, or pasteboard, and are connected by side strips 3b, which may also be made of any suitable material. In stead of riveting these parts together they may be connected by forming a head, (see dotted lines at 5 in Fig. 1,) adapted to be passed through a slot in t-he band, as is clearly shown at the top in Fig. 1. The same style of connection may be used at the bottom, if preferred. It will be noticed that the upper band is made smaller than the diameter of the tip, the latter resting upon the top of the band and the lin-ing lying within it, it being of course understood that hat-tips consist ordinarily of satin or other suitable material stitched or pasted to a backing of paper, the latter being` placed toward the crown of the hat, as is clearly shown in Fig. l.

6 denotes a strip of canvas, which is passed around the lower band 3 and pasted thereto, the plies thereof being also pasted to each other and the lower end of the lining 2 pasted to the strip.

It is of course well understood that the sweat-leathers are required to lie loosely in hats, being attached to the body only at th lower edge thereof.

In carrying my invention into effect the sweat-leather is placed in position in the usual manner, the lower edge thereof being folded over the strip of canvas and the lower band, and pasted at the bottom and upon the outer side, as is clearly shown, all of the sweatleather within the hat being unattached thereto.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 2 three bands Sel are shown instead of two, the upper band be ing indicated as made of reed and the two lower bands as made of celluloid, pasteboard, or light metal. The upper and intermediate bands are connected by side strips, which in this instance are shown as made of reed. The intermediate and lower bands are shown as connected by other side strips, flat in the present instance, indicating that they are made of light metal, pasteboard, or Celluloid, although the other side strips may be made continuous, if preferred, that being a detail of construction that is wholly within the province of the manufacturer. In this form the strip of canvas is dispensed with. The lower edge of the sweat-leather is passed around the lower band and pasted directly thereto. The band, of course, may or may not be covered with a strip of muslin. The lining in this form is passed around the intermediate band from the inner side, the two plies being then stitched or pasted, as is clearly shown.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 3 the essential feature of the frame-work is that it is made of textile net-work, commonly known as foundation-net, stilfened by a suitable size. This net I have denoted by 7. In this form bands or side strips may or may not be used, depending upon the amount of rigidity it is desired to give to the combined sweat and lining.

In the drawings I have shown both bands and side strips, which in practice I have made of wire, although I have found that for light line hats the framework may be made sufliciently stiff tohold the tip in place by simply sizing' moderately-heavy foundation-net. In

this form the tip is secured to the top ol' the frame by pasting or stitching, and the lining is secured thereto below the top of the sweatleather, the lower edge of the sweat-leather being turned over the bottom of the framework and pasted at the bottom and upon the outer side, leaving the portion within the framework wholly unattached.

In practice my novel combined sweats and linings are made in sizes corresponding with the sizes of hats, and are made so cheaply as to hardly require consideration as an item of expense in the cost of production. In view of the fact that they require but little room and ,are not expensive, an assortment of styles and shapes can be kept in every size, so that a purchaser can be readily suited, and a new lining can be purchased for any hat without trouble or delay. In practice these combined sweats and linings will ordinarily retain their places in hats without fastening, although I preferably fasten them in place by staples 8. (See Fig. l.) A staple placed at each quarter of the hat will hold the sweat and lining in place beyond the possibility of its slipping, but at the same time will permit of its ready detachment., if required. The staple maybe put in from either the inner or outer side, according to the tool used, and clinched 011 the opposite side, the inner side lying under the sweat-leather and the outer side under the band, so as to be wholly hidden from view.

llaving thus described my invention, I claim- As a new manufacture, a detachable hat sweat and lining, the saine consisting of a suitable frame-work, a lining within said frame-work and carried thereby, and a sweat, also within said frame-work and covering the lower end of the lining, the lower edge of the sweat being turned over the bottom of the frame-work and secured thereto.

In testimony whereof I at'lix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK W. LEWIS.

litnessesz M. J. BRADLEY, F. (Y. JosLYN. 

